我正在尝试将文本文件中的所有时间戳(形式为’HH：MM：SS’)增加一个命令行参数指定给我程序的秒数.

这是迄今为止我的努力的简化版本：

import re
from datetime import datetime,timedelta

time_diff = timedelta(seconds=10)

def replace_time(matchobj):
    if matchobj.group(1) not in [None,'']:
       return (datetime.strptime(matchobj.group(1),"%H:%M:%S") + time_diff).strftime("%H:%M:%S")

print re.sub('(\d\d:\d\d:\d\d)',replace_time,"01:27:55")

这很好用：运行它的结果是01:28:05这正是我想要的.

但是,我听说我应该尽可能少地使用全局变量.所以我想知道是否有一种简单的方法可以将time_diff作为参数传递给replace_time而不是使用全局变量.

我尝试了显而易见的,但它失败了：

def replace_time(matchobj,time_diff):
    if matchobj.group(1) not in [None,"%H:%M:%S") + time_diff).strftime("%H:%M:%S")

time_diff = timedelta(seconds=10)
print re.sub('(\d\d:\d\d:\d\d)',replace_time(matchobj,time_diff),"01:27:55")

出现此错误：NameError：未定义名称“matchobj”,因此我无法直接传递matchobj.

我看过standard re page和standard re howto,但找不到我需要的信息.我怎样才能避免在这里使用全局变量？我可以以某种方式将额外的参数传递给replace_time函数吗？提前致谢.

解决方法

你可以在一个闭包中包装一个函数,如下所示：

def increment_by(time_diff):
    def replace_time(matchobj):
        if matchobj.group(1) not in [None,'']:
            return (datetime.strptime(matchobj.group(1),"%H:%M:%S") + time_diff).strftime("%H:%M:%S")
    return replace_time

time_diff = timedelta(seconds=10)
print re.sub('(\d\d:\d\d:\d\d)',increment_by(time_diff),"01:27:55")

或者您可以像这样使用stdlib中的部分：

from functools import partial

def replace_time(time_diff,matchobj):
    if matchobj.group(1) not in [None,'']:
        return (datetime.strptime(matchobj.group(1),partial(replace_time,"01:27:55")